Re-Transformation
Final In depth Analysis
Introduction:
Did you know that medival battering rams used forces so well that they had enough power to break down a stone castle wall? Did you know that battering rams were one of the most widely used tools in the medieval times? But this is not the medieval times, we are in the 21st century now and in our modern society there is little need for a machine that can break down stone walls. So that is why my project group and I decided to find a new use for this outdated tool.
History:
The battering ram is one of the most well known medieval weapons. The battering ram was used to break down castle walls and doors. The first battering ram was a big log with a rock or medal cap on the end. Nobody knows who really invented the first battering rams. The first battering rams were held by a group of men and then they ran into the castle door or wall holding it. Then the new types of battering ram were made with a base that held the log suspended in the air, so that all you had to do to operate it was pull it backwards and release so it would swing into the wall or door. Battering rams were typically not used in battle, but usually in sieges. The battering ram was a really successful tool except for the problem of it being really heavy and hard to transport. Some battering rams had wheels on their bases so they could be transported or could be taken apart and re-assembled at the needed time of war. Battering rams were a very successful weapon in medieval times.
Description:
The battering ram worked using the force of momentum. (See free body diagram) When the heavy log was pulled back, it would swing forward with a lot of force since Momentum is equal to Mass times Velocity. Since the logs have a very high mass, then the Momentum energy would also be very high, enough to break a castle wall. Our transformation will also work with momentum energy. We are transforming the battering ram into a swing for children. The swing would work the same basic way as a battering ram except that it would not hit any walls, instead it would keep swinging because of momentum. (See blueprint) We are going to build a model of our battering ram swing out of a tree branch, plywood, hot glue and string. If our plan goes as expected then our model will work just like the real swing would.
Physics:
The medieval battering ram and our swing both work by using the same physics principle. Both use the force of Momentum energy and they both use Kinetic energy. The log seat on our swing needs to also have forces on each side balanced or it will not be able to operate correctly. I expect to have some challenges making our swing just swing forwards and backwards instead of sideways. Attached is a rough blue print of our design and a free body diagram of the forces that make it work.
Some of the forces my swing uses are Momentum, Kinetic and Potential energy, Inertia, Rotational Equilibrium, and friction. My swing uses momentum to keep the swing swinging. Since momentum is equal to mass times velocity, I calculated the velocity of my model swing. (See Calculation page attached separately) My swing will use Potential Energy when it is at the top of its swing before it is released, such as when someone will push the swing. It uses Kinetic energy after it is released and the Potential Energy changes into Kinetic energy causing the swing to move forward. My swing might use Inertia if it hits a person walking by because then the action would be the swing hitting them and the reaction would be them falling over. It uses Rotational Equilibrium because the forces on each side of the swing must be balanced in order for the log itself not to tip. We helped balance the log by adding two extra ropes (see Blue Print 1). Friction is used when the people are sitting on the swing because if they try to move forward and backwards on the log, they will feel friction between them and the rough wood. To see more of the forces used see free body diagram.
Transformation:
For my transformation, we are using the same basic design and the some of the materials as the original battering ram. The materials we are going to use for our model are a branch, doweling, hot glue, string, and plywood. Then we are going to paint it and put a seat on the branch so the children don't fall off. If we were to build an actual swing instead of a model, then we would expect it to be used by children at a playground or school. We would also expect it to be operated by a parent or friend pushing it from one side. But we are only making a model of a swing so our fingers will operate it and toy dolls will be sitting on it. I think our swing will benefit our modern society more than the original battering ram because instead of being used to break into other people's property, it will be used to entertain our children and teach them about the force of momentum. That way instead of being used to teach children how to break stuff, it can be used to teach them about physics and how it affects our world.
Conclusion:
I think our swing will have a positive effect on children's' lives around our community (If we were to build a real one instead of a model), because children really love swings and this is a new type of swing that will add to parks and play grounds. I am really excited to start building our model and I am excited to see how much I can learn through this Retransformation project. At exhibition my group and I will exhibit our model along with our poster board on a table. We will then explain to everyone about it.
Citations:
http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/the-battering-ram.htm
Introduction:
Did you know that medival battering rams used forces so well that they had enough power to break down a stone castle wall? Did you know that battering rams were one of the most widely used tools in the medieval times? But this is not the medieval times, we are in the 21st century now and in our modern society there is little need for a machine that can break down stone walls. So that is why my project group and I decided to find a new use for this outdated tool.
History:
The battering ram is one of the most well known medieval weapons. The battering ram was used to break down castle walls and doors. The first battering ram was a big log with a rock or medal cap on the end. Nobody knows who really invented the first battering rams. The first battering rams were held by a group of men and then they ran into the castle door or wall holding it. Then the new types of battering ram were made with a base that held the log suspended in the air, so that all you had to do to operate it was pull it backwards and release so it would swing into the wall or door. Battering rams were typically not used in battle, but usually in sieges. The battering ram was a really successful tool except for the problem of it being really heavy and hard to transport. Some battering rams had wheels on their bases so they could be transported or could be taken apart and re-assembled at the needed time of war. Battering rams were a very successful weapon in medieval times.
Description:
The battering ram worked using the force of momentum. (See free body diagram) When the heavy log was pulled back, it would swing forward with a lot of force since Momentum is equal to Mass times Velocity. Since the logs have a very high mass, then the Momentum energy would also be very high, enough to break a castle wall. Our transformation will also work with momentum energy. We are transforming the battering ram into a swing for children. The swing would work the same basic way as a battering ram except that it would not hit any walls, instead it would keep swinging because of momentum. (See blueprint) We are going to build a model of our battering ram swing out of a tree branch, plywood, hot glue and string. If our plan goes as expected then our model will work just like the real swing would.
Physics:
The medieval battering ram and our swing both work by using the same physics principle. Both use the force of Momentum energy and they both use Kinetic energy. The log seat on our swing needs to also have forces on each side balanced or it will not be able to operate correctly. I expect to have some challenges making our swing just swing forwards and backwards instead of sideways. Attached is a rough blue print of our design and a free body diagram of the forces that make it work.
Some of the forces my swing uses are Momentum, Kinetic and Potential energy, Inertia, Rotational Equilibrium, and friction. My swing uses momentum to keep the swing swinging. Since momentum is equal to mass times velocity, I calculated the velocity of my model swing. (See Calculation page attached separately) My swing will use Potential Energy when it is at the top of its swing before it is released, such as when someone will push the swing. It uses Kinetic energy after it is released and the Potential Energy changes into Kinetic energy causing the swing to move forward. My swing might use Inertia if it hits a person walking by because then the action would be the swing hitting them and the reaction would be them falling over. It uses Rotational Equilibrium because the forces on each side of the swing must be balanced in order for the log itself not to tip. We helped balance the log by adding two extra ropes (see Blue Print 1). Friction is used when the people are sitting on the swing because if they try to move forward and backwards on the log, they will feel friction between them and the rough wood. To see more of the forces used see free body diagram.
Transformation:
For my transformation, we are using the same basic design and the some of the materials as the original battering ram. The materials we are going to use for our model are a branch, doweling, hot glue, string, and plywood. Then we are going to paint it and put a seat on the branch so the children don't fall off. If we were to build an actual swing instead of a model, then we would expect it to be used by children at a playground or school. We would also expect it to be operated by a parent or friend pushing it from one side. But we are only making a model of a swing so our fingers will operate it and toy dolls will be sitting on it. I think our swing will benefit our modern society more than the original battering ram because instead of being used to break into other people's property, it will be used to entertain our children and teach them about the force of momentum. That way instead of being used to teach children how to break stuff, it can be used to teach them about physics and how it affects our world.
Conclusion:
I think our swing will have a positive effect on children's' lives around our community (If we were to build a real one instead of a model), because children really love swings and this is a new type of swing that will add to parks and play grounds. I am really excited to start building our model and I am excited to see how much I can learn through this Retransformation project. At exhibition my group and I will exhibit our model along with our poster board on a table. We will then explain to everyone about it.
Citations:
http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/the-battering-ram.htm
Catapult
The Catapult was first used in the Middle ages as siege weapons. Catapults would haul large rocks or other objects at the enemy. Most catapults can hurl objects weighing 200 pounds a distance of 300 yards. Catapults were very handy for medieval fights because they could haul large objects over moats or walls. Catapults and Trebuchets are very similar. Catapults work by putting an object in a basket on one of the arm, then pulling down the other side of the arm and quickly releasing, similar to shooting a rubber band. There are many different types of catapults, including slingshots and trebuchets.
Bow and Arrow
The bow and arrow are basically a spear with a launcher. They were originally invented so that people could make their spears go further in war or hunting. It also made it easier for people to hunt on horseback. Today, may people use the bow and arrow to hit trees or other targets as a game. Bows were first made by bending a soft stick into an arch, then tying a string connecting the sides to hold it tight. To operate the bow and arrow, the end of the arrow was held to the string and the string was pulled in the opposite direction of the stick then released, sending the spear very far. The sport of Archery was invented in Philadelphia in 1828. Now it has become a very popular sport that both children and adults can enjoy.
Sling - Shot
The sling shot is the most simple type of catapult. It was originally invented to hunt small animals such as rodents or birds. It was easy to use because of its small size. The sling shot was made from a branch shaped like a Y. The elastic or leather strap was tied to the top of the Y. To use it all one would do was place the arrow or stone in the elastic, pull it back, then aim and release. The sling shot was a very helpful tool to the earliest nomadic tribes of human kind. Now the sling shot is often made by children for play and games.
Cannon
The first cannons originated from Europe in the 14th century. Cannons work by launching cannon balls into enemy territory. Cannon balls were originally balls of lead or other medal, but then they became explosive balls that were lit right before they were launched. Cannons were a very destructive tool. They were also helpful for invasions and war because they could be fired from a far safe distance. They were one of the first weapons used on ships. Cannons were also strong enough to break down walls and fly right over castle motes. The only problem was that cannons were very difficult to transport because of their large size.
Spear
The spear is a very simple tool, one of the first made by human kind. It consists of two parts, the wooden shaft and the sharp end, usually made of medal. The spear was used for hunting or self defense. Smaller spears could be thrown far distances to catch pray or could be used by holding the end. Spears were often used for hunting almost any animal from elephants to fish. There are a lot of different types of spears, some are small and some very large. The smaller spears were easy to transport, witch made them easy to use during war. The larger ones were extremely effective for hunting. Most early humans made spear heads out of rock, carving them with harder rock, or they used sharp scraps of medal.
Citations:
http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/catapults.htm
http://www.medievalsociety.org/images/pic220.png
http://www.athaonline.com/bow-and-arrow.html
http://www.dragoart.com/tuts/pics/8/832/popup.jpg
http://www.santharia.com/weapons/sling-shot.htm
http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/16400/16428/sling-shot_16428_md.gif
http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/cannon.htm
http://www.wvevans.net/Websites/CoastalBendMamas/graphics/ColoringPages/CANNON2.gif
http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa89
The Catapult was first used in the Middle ages as siege weapons. Catapults would haul large rocks or other objects at the enemy. Most catapults can hurl objects weighing 200 pounds a distance of 300 yards. Catapults were very handy for medieval fights because they could haul large objects over moats or walls. Catapults and Trebuchets are very similar. Catapults work by putting an object in a basket on one of the arm, then pulling down the other side of the arm and quickly releasing, similar to shooting a rubber band. There are many different types of catapults, including slingshots and trebuchets.
Bow and Arrow
The bow and arrow are basically a spear with a launcher. They were originally invented so that people could make their spears go further in war or hunting. It also made it easier for people to hunt on horseback. Today, may people use the bow and arrow to hit trees or other targets as a game. Bows were first made by bending a soft stick into an arch, then tying a string connecting the sides to hold it tight. To operate the bow and arrow, the end of the arrow was held to the string and the string was pulled in the opposite direction of the stick then released, sending the spear very far. The sport of Archery was invented in Philadelphia in 1828. Now it has become a very popular sport that both children and adults can enjoy.
Sling - Shot
The sling shot is the most simple type of catapult. It was originally invented to hunt small animals such as rodents or birds. It was easy to use because of its small size. The sling shot was made from a branch shaped like a Y. The elastic or leather strap was tied to the top of the Y. To use it all one would do was place the arrow or stone in the elastic, pull it back, then aim and release. The sling shot was a very helpful tool to the earliest nomadic tribes of human kind. Now the sling shot is often made by children for play and games.
Cannon
The first cannons originated from Europe in the 14th century. Cannons work by launching cannon balls into enemy territory. Cannon balls were originally balls of lead or other medal, but then they became explosive balls that were lit right before they were launched. Cannons were a very destructive tool. They were also helpful for invasions and war because they could be fired from a far safe distance. They were one of the first weapons used on ships. Cannons were also strong enough to break down walls and fly right over castle motes. The only problem was that cannons were very difficult to transport because of their large size.
Spear
The spear is a very simple tool, one of the first made by human kind. It consists of two parts, the wooden shaft and the sharp end, usually made of medal. The spear was used for hunting or self defense. Smaller spears could be thrown far distances to catch pray or could be used by holding the end. Spears were often used for hunting almost any animal from elephants to fish. There are a lot of different types of spears, some are small and some very large. The smaller spears were easy to transport, witch made them easy to use during war. The larger ones were extremely effective for hunting. Most early humans made spear heads out of rock, carving them with harder rock, or they used sharp scraps of medal.
Citations:
http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/catapults.htm
http://www.medievalsociety.org/images/pic220.png
http://www.athaonline.com/bow-and-arrow.html
http://www.dragoart.com/tuts/pics/8/832/popup.jpg
http://www.santharia.com/weapons/sling-shot.htm
http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/16400/16428/sling-shot_16428_md.gif
http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/cannon.htm
http://www.wvevans.net/Websites/CoastalBendMamas/graphics/ColoringPages/CANNON2.gif
http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa89
Outline
- Intro
- History
- Uses
- New transformation
- Body (History)
- When was it used
- What was it used for
- Pros and Cons of this weapon/tool
- Body (Uses continued..)
- Time period
- How it works
- parts of the tool
- Body (transformation)
- Our toy
- swing
- How it works
- Why it is more useful than the old use of it
- How we will make it
- materials
- tool
- Conclusion
- Wrap up our new tool
- explain how it will benefit our society more than the battering ram
Rough draft of In Depth analysis
Did you know that medical battering rams used forces so well that they had enough power to break down a stone castle wall? Did you know that battering rams were one of the most widely used tools in the medieval times? But this is not the medieval times, we are in the 21st century now and in our modern society there is little need for a machine that can break down stone walls. So that is why me and my project group decided to find a new use for this outdated tool.
The battering ram is one of the most well known medieval weapons. The battering ram was used to break down castle walls and doors. The first battering ram was a big log with a rock or medal cap on the end. The first battering rams were held by a group of men and then they ran into the castle door or wall holding it. Then the new types of battering ram were made with a base that held the log suspended in the air, so that all you had to do to operate it was pull it backwards and release so it would swing into the wall or door. The battering ram was a really successful tool except for the problem of it being really heavy and hard to transport. Some battering rams had wheels on their bases so they could be transported or could be taken apart and re-assembled at the needed time of war. Battering rams were a very successful weapon in medieval times.
The battering ram worked using the force of momentum. When the heavy log was pulled back, it would swing forward with a lot of force since Momentum is equal to Mass times Velocity. Since the logs have a very high mass, then the Momentum energy would also be very high, enough to break a castle wall. Our transformation will also work with momentum energy. We are transforming the battering ram into a swing for children. The swing would work the same basic way as a battering ram except that it would not hit any walls, instead it would keep swinging because of momentum. We are going to build a model of our battering ram swing out of a tree branch, plywood, hot glue and string. If our plan goes as expected then our model will work just like the real swing would.
The medieval battering ram and our swing both work by using the same physics principle. Both use the force of Momentum energy and they both use Kinetic energy. The log seat on our swing needs to also have forces on each side balanced or it will not be able to operate correctly. I expect to have some challenges making our swing just swing forwards and backwards instead of sideways. Attached is a rough blue print of our design and a free body diagram of the forces that make it work.
For my transformation, we are using the same basic design and the same materials as the original battering ram. The materials we are going to use for our model are a branch, doweling, hot glue, string, and plywood. If we were to build an actual swing instead of a model, then we would expect it to be used by children at a playground or school. We would also expect it to be operated by a parent or friend pushing it from one side. But we are only making a model of a swing so it will be operated by our fingers and toy dolls will be sitting on it. I think our swing will benefit our modern society more than the original battering ram because instead of being used to break into other people's property, it will be used to entertain our children and teach them about the force of momentum. That way instead of being used to teach children how to break stuff, it can be used to teach them about physics and how it effects our world.
I think our swing will have a positive effect on children's' lives around our community (If we were to build a real one instead of a model). I am really excited to start building our model and I am excited to see how much I can learn through this Retransformation project.
Citations:
http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/the-battering-ram.htm
Revision Plan
Keep and Improve
- sketch
- introduction paragraph
- History section
- essay format
- title
- section labels
- fix the boring parts in the first paragraph
- fix the repetitive sentences in paragraph 2
- spelling mistakes
- fix my citations
Add
- a free body diagram
- A new illustration of the before and after
- a blueprint
- materials list
- photos
- more description
- Labels for each section
- A better title
- computer generated drawing of the swing
- MLA citation of source less
Keep and Improve
- sketch
- introduction paragraph
- History section
- essay format
- title
- section labels
- fix the boring parts in the first paragraph
- fix the repetitive sentences in paragraph 2
- spelling mistakes
- fix my citations
Add
- a free body diagram
- A new illustration of the before and after
- a blueprint
- materials list
- photos
- more description
- Labels for each section
- A better title
- computer generated drawing of the swing
- MLA citation of source less
untitleddrawing-1-1_copy.pdf | |
File Size: | 49 kb |
File Type: |
untitleddrawing-2-1_copy.pdf | |
File Size: | 50 kb |
File Type: |
untitled.png | |
File Size: | 41 kb |
File Type: | png |